django-tdd

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---
name: django-tdd
description: Django 测试策略，包括 pytest-django、TDD 方法、factory_boy、模拟、覆盖率以及测试 Django REST Framework API。
origin: ECC
---

# 使用 TDD 进行 Django 测试

使用 pytest、factory\_boy 和 Django REST Framework 进行 Django 应用程序的测试驱动开发。

## 何时激活

* 编写新的 Django 应用程序时
* 实现 Django REST Framework API 时
* 测试 Django 模型、视图和序列化器时
* 为 Django 项目设置测试基础设施时

## Django 的 TDD 工作流

### 红-绿-重构循环

```python
# Step 1: RED - Write failing test
def test_user_creation():
    user = User.objects.create_user(email='[email protected]', password='testpass123')
    assert user.email == '[email protected]'
    assert user.check_password('testpass123')
    assert not user.is_staff

# Step 2: GREEN - Make test pass
# Create User model or factory

# Step 3: REFACTOR - Improve while keeping tests green
```

## 设置

### pytest 配置

```ini
# pytest.ini
[pytest]
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = config.settings.test
testpaths = tests
python_files = test_*.py
python_classes = Test*
python_functions = test_*
addopts =
    --reuse-db
    --nomigrations
    --cov=apps
    --cov-report=html
    --cov-report=term-missing
    --strict-markers
markers =
    slow: marks tests as slow
    integration: marks tests as integration tests
```

### 测试设置

```python
# config/settings/test.py
from .base import *

DEBUG = True
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': ':memory:',
    }
}

# Disable migrations for speed
class DisableMigrations:
    def __contains__(self, item):
        return True

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return None

MIGRATION_MODULES = DisableMigrations()

# Faster password hashing
PASSWORD_HASHERS = [
    'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher',
]

# Email backend
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend'

# Celery always eager
CELERY_TASK_ALWAYS_EAGER = True
CELERY_TASK_EAGER_PROPAGATES = True
```

### conftest.py

```python
# tests/conftest.py
import pytest
from django.utils import timezone
from django.contrib.auth impo

Use this skill

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  "skill": "imp-8c96a890-2307-4a26-8edc-5a230fd78574",
  "messages": [{ "role": "user", "content": "…" }]
}

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