csharp-testing

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---
name: csharp-testing
description: 使用 xUnit、FluentAssertions、模拟、集成测试和测试组织最佳实践的 C# 和 .NET 测试模式。
origin: ECC
---

# C# 测试模式

使用 xUnit、FluentAssertions 和现代测试实践为 .NET 应用程序提供的全面测试模式。

## 何时使用

* 为 C# 代码编写新测试
* 审查测试质量和覆盖率
* 为 .NET 项目搭建测试基础设施
* 调试不稳定或缓慢的测试

## 测试框架栈

| 工具 | 用途 |
|---|---|
| **xUnit** | 测试框架（.NET 首选） |
| **FluentAssertions** | 可读的断言语法 |
| **NSubstitute** 或 **Moq** | 模拟依赖项 |
| **Testcontainers** | 集成测试中的真实基础设施 |
| **WebApplicationFactory** | ASP.NET Core 集成测试 |
| **Bogus** | 生成逼真的测试数据 |

## 单元测试结构

### 安排-操作-断言

```csharp
public sealed class OrderServiceTests
{
    private readonly IOrderRepository _repository = Substitute.For<IOrderRepository>();
    private readonly ILogger<OrderService> _logger = Substitute.For<ILogger<OrderService>>();
    private readonly OrderService _sut;

    public OrderServiceTests()
    {
        _sut = new OrderService(_repository, _logger);
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task PlaceOrderAsync_ReturnsSuccess_WhenRequestIsValid()
    {
        // Arrange
        var request = new CreateOrderRequest
        {
            CustomerId = "cust-123",
            Items = [new OrderItem("SKU-001", 2, 29.99m)]
        };

        // Act
        var result = await _sut.PlaceOrderAsync(request, CancellationToken.None);

        // Assert
        result.IsSuccess.Should().BeTrue();
        result.Value.Should().NotBeNull();
        result.Value!.CustomerId.Should().Be("cust-123");
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task PlaceOrderAsync_ReturnsFailure_WhenNoItems()
    {
        // Arrange
        var request = new CreateOrderRequest
        {
            CustomerId = "cust-123",
            Items = []
        };

        // Act
        var result = await _sut.PlaceOrderAsync(request, CancellationToken.None);

        // Assert
        result.IsSuccess.Should().BeFalse();
        result.Error.Should().Contain("at least one item");
    }
}
```

### 使用 Theory 的参数化测试

```csharp
[Theory]
[InlineData("", false)]
[InlineData("a", false)]
[Inli

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  "model": "gpt-4o-mini",
  "skill": "imp-467e9594-e4bb-4ba3-a40c-74905408acd9",
  "messages": [{ "role": "user", "content": "…" }]
}

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